Constructional material



-1,1939. A. c. FISCHER 2,168,289

CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL Filed Dec. 12, 1927 Jae/W:

Patented Aug. 1, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CONSTRUCTION AL MATERIAL poration of Ohio Application December 12, 1927, Serial No. 239,567

11' Claims.

My invention relates to an improvement in ductile constructional material, especially such constructional material as expansion joint, rail filler, blocks, sheet material etc. My invention relates to the utilization of a water-proofed binder, preferably a bituminous, blown asphalt, although any combination of asphalts may be utilized, a resin, rubber or oil compound, or other suitable waterproofing material as the binder and preponderant material in the mixture. The filler relates to burlap strands utilized as reinforcement, and to accomplish this I take burlap either in bag or sheet form and cut the burlap into squares or other suitable shape with the proper cutting apparatus. I heat the binder to a liquid state and utilize a steam-heated mixer for the purpose of incorporating the burlap sections into the binder, preferably utilizing a kneading machine 20 and then incorporating fifteen per cent of these burlap sections. Burlap is especially adapted for this purpose because the strands readily unravel in the kneading action and separate out into individual strands throughout the mass. I then take the mixture thus prepared and present same to pressing rolls or other sheet forming machines, such as an extruder, and reduce the same to the proper shape and dimension.

I may add finely divided fibrous material to add bulk to the mixture, such as, roofing felt, cotton fiber and other finely divided fiber, and depend upon the strong strands of the burlap for internal reinforcement.

I may simply take a measured quantity of the burlap scrap, from ten to twenty-five per cent, and introduce it into the mixer, or utilize a smaller proportion, any five per cent of burlap scrap and twenty to thirty per cent of finely divided linear fiber, or I may utilize granular fibrous material.

My process relates to the mixing of a waterproofed binder and burlap sections, reducing the burlap sections to separate, individual strands as reinforcing elements in the binder.

45 Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 represents a section of burlap strands A.

Figure 2 shows a cross section of a constructional sheet having a waterproofed binder B and burlap strands A interspersed therethru.

Figure 3 illustrates a section of constructional material composed of burlap strands A and waterproofed binder B. It is to be particularly noted how the burlap strands appear as veins 55 upon the surface of the constructional material.

Figure 4 illustrates a cross-section of constructional material in which A represents the burlap strands, B the waterproofed binder and C finely divided linear fiber.

Where the material is used for expansion joint 5 purposes I prefer a preponderant binder, ranging from 65 to 80 per cent, the balance being burlap strands and finely divided linear fiber. Where ductility is of less importance in other constructional materials I prefer to use a preponderant finely. divided fiber and a lesserproportion of burlap strands.

I prepare this constructional material by first cutting the burlap bags or sheets into small sections, heating a waterproofed binder, loading same into a steam-heated mixer, adding the burlap sections and thoroughly kneading the mixture until the burlap sections have unraveled and separated from the woven fabric. I then present said mixture to sheet forming means, either in the shape of an extrusion press or pressing rolls, and reduce same to proper form; or I first prepare the burlap sections by cutting up the burlap bags or cloth into small sections, and. prepare a liquid binder, load same into a steamheated mixer and either incorporate the burlap sections or finely divided, linear fiber at different times or the same time, and continue the mixing process until the burlap fabric has been separated or been shredded into individual strands and dispersed itself thru the mixture.

I then present same to either an extrusion machine or pressing rolls and reduce same to the proper form.

The burlap sections are produced from bags 85 which are available on the market and unfit for use otherwise, or other burlap or closely woven fabric of various kinds which readily unravel from the woven state. I depend upon the adhesiveness of the binder and the pulling apart thereof, as well as the kneading action of the machine in separating the individual strands from the woven state. The finely divided linear fiber may be in the shape of cotton, cotton linters, roofing scrap, waste felt, or other materials containing short length and individual fibrous elements. I thus secure a combination of long strands ofhemp or jute, from which the burlap bags are made, and finely divided fiber.

I claim:

1. The process of preparing constructional material by heating a waterproofed binder, presenting same to a suitable steam-heated mixer having a kneading action, introducing into said binder sections of burlap, mixing the binder and 55 burlap until the individual strands have separated out, presenting said mixture to suitable extrusion means and reducing same to proper form.

2. The process of preparing constructional material by heating a waterproofed binder, presenting same to a suitable steam-heated mixer having a kneading action, introducing into said binder sections of burlap, mixing the binder and burlap until the individual strands have separated out, presenting said mixture to suitable pressure means and reducing same to sheet form.

3. The process of forming constructional material which consists of preparing a waterproofed, liquid binder in a heated state, placing same in a suitable steam-heated mixing device, incorporating therein burlap sections in a woven state and finely divided linear fibrous elements, mixing said woven fabric and finely divided material in the binder until the strands in the woven fabric have separated out, and then presenting said mixture to suitable extrusion machines reducing same to proper form.

4. The process of forming constructional material which consists of preparing a waterproofed, liquid binder in a heated state, placing same in a suitable steam-heated mixing device, incorporating therein burlap sections in a woven state, and finely divided linear fibrous elements, mixing said woven fabric and finely divided material in the binder until the strands in the woven fabric have separated out, and thenpresenting said mixture to suitable pressure means and reducing same to sheet form. r

5. Constructional material comprising a waterproofed binder having interspersed therethru in dividual strands of burlap bagging.

6. Constructional material comprising a homogeneous mixture of waterproofed binder and finely divided linear fibrous elements, and having interspersed therethru individual burlap strands.

7. Constructional material comprising a duotile, waterproofed binder having interspersed therethru as reinforcing elements individual strands of burlap bagging.

8. The process of preparing constructional material by heating a waterproofed binder, presenting same to a suitable steam-heated mixer having a kneading action, introducing into said binder sections of woven fabric, mixing the binder and woven fabric until the individual strands have separated out, presenting said mixture to suitable extrusion means and reducing same to proper form.

9. The process of preparing constructional material by heating a waterproofed binder, presenting same to a suitable mixer having a kneading action, introducing into said binder sections of woven fabric, mixing the binder and woven fabric until the individual strands have separated out, presenting said mixture to suitable pressure means and reducing same to sheet form.

10. The process of forming constructional material which consists of preparing a waterproofed, liquid binder in a heated state, placing same in a suitable steam-heated mixing device, incorporating therein woven fabric sections and finely divided linear fibrous elements, mixing said woven fabric and finely divided material in the binder until the strands in the woven fabric have separated out, and then presenting the mixture to suitable extrusion machines reducing same to proper form.

11..I'he process of forming constructional material which consists of preparing a waterproofed, liquid binder in a heated state, placing same in a suitable steam-heated mixing device, incorporating therein woven fabric sections, and finely divided linear fibrous elements, mixing said woven fabric and finely divided material in the binder until the strands in the woven fabric have separated out, and then presenting said mixture to suitable pressure means and reducing same to sheet form.

ALBERT C. FISCHER. 

